Difference between revisions of "Install BeagleBone"

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Line 31: Line 31:
 
To enable at reboot, edit <code>/etc/fstab</code>:
 
To enable at reboot, edit <code>/etc/fstab</code>:
 
  /root/swapfile    swap    swap    defaults    0 0
 
  /root/swapfile    swap    swap    defaults    0 0
 +
 +
== Locales ==
 +
 +
Install locales (for PERL and others):
 +
su
 +
locale-gen en_US.UTF-8
 +
 +
Then edit <code>~.bashrc</code> and add:
 +
export LC_ALL=C
  
 
== Ethernet ==
 
== Ethernet ==
Line 46: Line 55:
 
  nano /etc/hostname
 
  nano /etc/hostname
  
−
Set up a bonjour discovery:
+
Set up a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonjour_(software) bonjour] discovery:
 
  apt-get install avahi-daemon libnss-mdns
 
  apt-get install avahi-daemon libnss-mdns
  
 
Give a static address:
 
Give a static address:
 
  nano /etc/network/interfaces
 
  nano /etc/network/interfaces
 +
auto eth0
 
  iface eth0 inet static
 
  iface eth0 inet static
 
   address 192.168.1.14
 
   address 192.168.1.14
Line 61: Line 71:
 
  apt-get install netatalk
 
  apt-get install netatalk
 
  nano /etc/netatalk/AppleVolumes.default
 
  nano /etc/netatalk/AppleVolumes.default
−
 
−
== Locales ==
 
−
 
−
Install locales (for PERL and others):
 
−
cd
 
−
apt-get install locales
 
−
export LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8
 
−
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
 
−
export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
 
−
locale-gen en_US.UTF-8
 
−
dpkg-reconfigure locales
 
−
 
−
Then edit <code>.bashrc</code> and add: <code> export LC_ALL=C </code>
 
  
 
== Command-line editing ==
 
== Command-line editing ==
Line 88: Line 85:
  
 
Install compilation tools (make, gcc, …):
 
Install compilation tools (make, gcc, …):
−
  apt-get install build-essential
+
  apt install build-essential
  
 
Install Perl documentation reader:
 
Install Perl documentation reader:
−
  apt-get install perl-doc
+
  apt install perl-doc
  
 
== Local time ==
 
== Local time ==
Line 107: Line 104:
 
Make the script executable:
 
Make the script executable:
 
  chmod 755 /etc/cron.daily/ntpdate
 
  chmod 755 /etc/cron.daily/ntpdate
 +
 +
== Beaglebone Capes ==
 +
 +
List the capes known by the system:
 +
cat /sys/devices/bone_capemgr*/slots
 +
 +
List the firmware capes definitions:
 +
ll /lib/firmware/*.dtbo
 +
 +
=== UART enabling on the fly ===
 +
 +
Get UART cape definitions from [http://www.armhf.com/beaglebone-black-serial-uart-device-tree-overlays-for-ubuntu-and-debian-wheezy-tty01-tty02-tty04-tty05-dtbo-files/ ARMhf].
 +
 +
Add an UART cape definition in a running system:
 +
echo ttyO1_armhf.com > /sys/devices/bone_capemgr*/slots
 +
ll /dev/ttyO*
 +
 +
=== UART enabling at boot ===
 +
 +
This shows [http://www.armhf.com/beaglebone-black-serial-uart-device-tree-overlays-for-ubuntu-and-debian-wheezy-tty01-tty02-tty04-tty05-dtbo-files/ how to enable ttyO1] at system boot.
 +
 +
Decompile the system <code>dtb</code>:
 +
cd /tmp
 +
apt-get install device-tree-compiler
 +
dtc -I dtb -O dts -o am335x-boneblack.dts /boot/dtbs/am335x-boneblack.dtb
 +
 +
Add in the <code>dts</code>, at the end of the <code>pinmux@44e10800</code> section:
 +
pinmux_serial1_pins {
 +
  pinctrl-single,pins = <0x180 0x20 0x184 0x0>;
 +
  linux,phandle = <0x81>;
 +
  phandle = <0x81>;
 +
};
 +
 +
Change in the <code>dts</code>, at the end of the <code>pinmux@44e10800</code> section:
 +
status = "disabled";
 +
with:
 +
pinctrl-names = "default";
 +
pinctrl-0 = <0x81>;
 +
status = "okay";
 +
Note the use of handle <code>0x81</code> in both parts.
 +
 +
Recompile the <code>dts</code>:
 +
dtc -I dts -O dtb -o /boot/dtbs/am335x-boneblack.dtb am335x-boneblack.dts
 +
 +
[http://interactingobjects.com/loading-a-custom-device-tree-overlay-on-ubuntu/ An alternative]
 +
is to write the <code>echo ttyO1_armhf.com > /sys/devices/bone_capemgr*/slots</code> command in <code>/etc/rc.local</code>.
  
 
= Control user =
 
= Control user =
 +
 +
== Create user ==
  
 
Add the <code>control</code> user:
 
Add the <code>control</code> user:
−
  useradd -m -g users -G dialout,audio -s /bin/bash control
+
  useradd -m -g users -G users,dialout,audio -s /bin/bash control
 
  passwd control
 
  passwd control
 +
 +
== Upstart ==
 +
 +
If using upstart, allow all users to send events by adding to <code>/etc/sudoers</code>:
 +
# Allow users to emit upstart events
 +
%users ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:/sbin/initctl
  
 
== Audio ==
 
== Audio ==
Line 118: Line 169:
 
Try to play a tone:
 
Try to play a tone:
 
  su
 
  su
 +
aplay -l
 
  SOUND_FILES_LOCATION='/home/control/Documents/Controls/Sounds'
 
  SOUND_FILES_LOCATION='/home/control/Documents/Controls/Sounds'
 
  ll $SOUND_FILES_LOCATION
 
  ll $SOUND_FILES_LOCATION
 
  aplay $SOUND_FILES_LOCATION/pop.wav
 
  aplay $SOUND_FILES_LOCATION/pop.wav
 +
 +
Disable the HDMI audio interface by adding to <code>/boot/uboot/uEnv.txt</code>:
 +
optargs=quiet capemgr.disable_partno=BB-BONELT-HDMI,BB-BONELT-HDMIN capemgr.enable_partno=BB-BONE-AUDI-01
 +
 +
echo BB-BONE-AUDI-01 > /sys/devices/bone*/slots
 +
 +
edit <code>/etc/modules</code>:
 +
snd_soc_tlv320aic3x
 +
snd_soc_davinci
 +
snd_soc_davinci_mcasp
 +
snd_soc_evm
 +
 +
Setup line out sound path:
 +
amixer scontrols
 +
amixer set PCM 100%
 +
amixer set Line mute
 +
amixer set 'Line DAC' 0
 +
amixer set 'Line Line2 Bypass' 0
 +
amixer set 'Line PGA Bypass' 0
 +
amixer set Mono mute
 +
amixer set 'Mono DAC' 0
 +
amixer set 'Mono Line2 Bypass' 0
 +
amixer set 'Mono Mixer DACL1' mute
 +
amixer set 'Mono Mixer DACR1' mute
 +
amixer set 'Mono Mixer Line2L Bypass' mute
 +
amixer set 'Mono Mixer Line2R Bypass' mute
 +
amixer set 'Mono Mixer PGAL Bypass' mute
 +
amixer set 'Mono Mixer PGAR Bypass' mute
 +
amixer set 'Mono PGA Bypass' 0
 +
amixer set AGC mute
 +
amixer set De-emphasis mute
 +
amixer set HP unmute
 +
amixer set 'HP DAC' 100%
 +
amixer set 'HP Line2 Bypass' 0
 +
amixer set 'HP PGA Bypass' 0
 +
amixer set 'HPCOM' mute
 +
amixer set 'HPCOM DAC' 0
 +
amixer set 'HPCOM Line2 Bypass' 0
 +
amixer set 'HPCOM PGA Bypass' 0
 +
amixer set 'Left HP Mixer DACL1' unmute
 +
amixer set 'Left HP Mixer DACR1' 0
 +
amixer set 'Left HP Mixer Line2L' mute
 +
amixer set 'Left HP Mixer Line2R Bypass' 0
 +
amixer set 'Left HP Mixer PGAL Bypass' unmute
 +
amixer set 'Left HP Mixer PGAR Bypass' 0
 +
amixer set 'Left HPCOM Mixer DACL1' mute
 +
amixer set 'Left HPCOM Mixer DACR1' 0
 +
amixer set 'Left HPCOM Mixer Line2L Bypass' mute
 +
amixer set 'Left HPCOM Mixer Line2R Bypass' 0
 +
amixer set 'Left HPCOM Mixer PGAL Bypass' mute
 +
amixer set 'Left HPCOM Mixer PGAR Bypass' 0
 +
amixer set 'Left Line Mixer DACL1' mute
 +
amixer set 'Left Line Mixer DACR1' 0
 +
amixer set 'Left Line Mixer Line2L Bypass' mute
 +
amixer set 'Left Line Mixer Line2R Bypass' 0
 +
amixer set 'Left Line Mixer PGAL Bypass' mute
 +
amixer set 'Left Line Mixer PGAR Bypass' 0
 +
 +
speaker-test -c 2 -t sine
  
 
= Checks =
 
= Checks =
Line 156: Line 267:
 
  initctl list
 
  initctl list
 
  initctl list | grep xpl-
 
  initctl list | grep xpl-
 +
 +
== Systemd daemons ==
 +
 +
Check the status of init daemons:
 +
systemctl list-units --type=service --state=running | grep running
 +
 +
[[Category: all]] [[Category: Install]]

Latest revision as of 10:47, 30 December 2017

The xPL protocol is light enough to run on simple machines such as the BeagleBone.

Install Ubuntu

The BeagleBone comes with an Angstrom distribution. Whilst this Linux distribution is tailored for embedded devices, Ubuntu's ARM port is easier to use for people used to Ubuntu.

Different methods allow to install Ubuntu on the BeagleBone. If one intends to use the serial port, an image with debugfs is preferred.

Having Ubuntu running, a few configuration steps might be helpful.

Change root password

sudo su
passwd
apt-get update

Swap space

Create a swap file: 

dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/swapfile bs=1M count=1024
chmod 600 /root/swapfile
mkswap /root/swapfile

Enable the swapfile: 

swapon /root/swapfile
swapon -s
free -k

To enable at reboot, edit /etc/fstab: 

/root/swapfile    swap    swap    defaults    0 0

Locales

Install locales (for PERL and others): 

su
locale-gen en_US.UTF-8

Then edit ~.bashrc and add: 

export LC_ALL=C

Ethernet

Check the Ethernet connection: 

ifconfig | grep inet
ping google.com

Connect to the BeagleBone via SSH to continue working (on a larger window). 

ssh root@192.168.1.165

Change host name: 

nano /etc/hosts
  change: "127.0.1.1 ubuntu-armhf" to: "127.0.1.1 beagleBoneHostname"
nano /etc/hostname

Set up a bonjour discovery: 

apt-get install avahi-daemon libnss-mdns

Give a static address: 

nano /etc/network/interfaces
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
  address 192.168.1.14
  gateway 192.168.1.1
  netmask 255.255.255.0
  dns-nameservers 192.168.1.1
/etc/init.d/networking restart

Set-up Apple FileProtocol (AFP) sharing: 

apt-get install netatalk
nano /etc/netatalk/AppleVolumes.default

Command-line editing

Enable history search and bash tab autocompletion: 

nano .bashrc
nano /etc/inputrc
apt-get update && apt-get install bash-completion

Install manuals: 

apt-get install man-db

Programming tools

Install compilation tools (make, gcc, …): 

apt install build-essential

Install Perl documentation reader: 

apt install perl-doc

Local time

Set local time: 

ls -lr /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/
rm /etc/localtime
ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Zurich /etc/localtime

Update time on a daily basis with the help of the script /etc/cron.daily/ntpdate containing: 

#!/bin/sh
ntpdate ntp.ubuntu.com

Make the script executable: 

chmod 755 /etc/cron.daily/ntpdate

Beaglebone Capes

List the capes known by the system: 

cat /sys/devices/bone_capemgr*/slots

List the firmware capes definitions: 

ll /lib/firmware/*.dtbo

UART enabling on the fly

Get UART cape definitions from ARMhf.

Add an UART cape definition in a running system: 

echo ttyO1_armhf.com > /sys/devices/bone_capemgr*/slots
ll /dev/ttyO*

UART enabling at boot

This shows how to enable ttyO1 at system boot.

Decompile the system dtb: 

cd /tmp
apt-get install device-tree-compiler
dtc -I dtb -O dts -o am335x-boneblack.dts /boot/dtbs/am335x-boneblack.dtb

Add in the dts, at the end of the pinmux@44e10800 section: 

pinmux_serial1_pins {
  pinctrl-single,pins = <0x180 0x20 0x184 0x0>;
  linux,phandle = <0x81>;
  phandle = <0x81>;
};

Change in the dts, at the end of the pinmux@44e10800 section: 

status = "disabled";

with: 

pinctrl-names = "default";
pinctrl-0 = <0x81>;
status = "okay";

Note the use of handle 0x81 in both parts.

Recompile the dts: 

dtc -I dts -O dtb -o /boot/dtbs/am335x-boneblack.dtb am335x-boneblack.dts

An alternative is to write the echo ttyO1_armhf.com > /sys/devices/bone_capemgr*/slots command in /etc/rc.local.

Control user

Create user

Add the control user: 

useradd -m -g users -G users,dialout,audio -s /bin/bash control
passwd control

Upstart

If using upstart, allow all users to send events by adding to /etc/sudoers: 

# Allow users to emit upstart events
%users ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:/sbin/initctl

Audio

Try to play a tone: 

su
aplay -l
SOUND_FILES_LOCATION='/home/control/Documents/Controls/Sounds'
ll $SOUND_FILES_LOCATION
aplay $SOUND_FILES_LOCATION/pop.wav

Disable the HDMI audio interface by adding to /boot/uboot/uEnv.txt: 

optargs=quiet capemgr.disable_partno=BB-BONELT-HDMI,BB-BONELT-HDMIN capemgr.enable_partno=BB-BONE-AUDI-01

echo BB-BONE-AUDI-01 > /sys/devices/bone*/slots

edit /etc/modules: 

snd_soc_tlv320aic3x
snd_soc_davinci
snd_soc_davinci_mcasp
snd_soc_evm

Setup line out sound path: 

amixer scontrols
amixer set PCM 100%
amixer set Line mute
amixer set 'Line DAC' 0
amixer set 'Line Line2 Bypass' 0
amixer set 'Line PGA Bypass' 0
amixer set Mono mute
amixer set 'Mono DAC' 0
amixer set 'Mono Line2 Bypass' 0
amixer set 'Mono Mixer DACL1' mute
amixer set 'Mono Mixer DACR1' mute
amixer set 'Mono Mixer Line2L Bypass' mute
amixer set 'Mono Mixer Line2R Bypass' mute
amixer set 'Mono Mixer PGAL Bypass' mute
amixer set 'Mono Mixer PGAR Bypass' mute
amixer set 'Mono PGA Bypass' 0
amixer set AGC mute
amixer set De-emphasis mute
amixer set HP unmute
amixer set 'HP DAC' 100%
amixer set 'HP Line2 Bypass' 0
amixer set 'HP PGA Bypass' 0
amixer set 'HPCOM' mute
amixer set 'HPCOM DAC' 0
amixer set 'HPCOM Line2 Bypass' 0
amixer set 'HPCOM PGA Bypass' 0
amixer set 'Left HP Mixer DACL1' unmute
amixer set 'Left HP Mixer DACR1' 0
amixer set 'Left HP Mixer Line2L' mute
amixer set 'Left HP Mixer Line2R Bypass' 0
amixer set 'Left HP Mixer PGAL Bypass' unmute
amixer set 'Left HP Mixer PGAR Bypass' 0
amixer set 'Left HPCOM Mixer DACL1' mute
amixer set 'Left HPCOM Mixer DACR1' 0
amixer set 'Left HPCOM Mixer Line2L Bypass' mute
amixer set 'Left HPCOM Mixer Line2R Bypass' 0
amixer set 'Left HPCOM Mixer PGAL Bypass' mute
amixer set 'Left HPCOM Mixer PGAR Bypass' 0
amixer set 'Left Line Mixer DACL1' mute
amixer set 'Left Line Mixer DACR1' 0
amixer set 'Left Line Mixer Line2L Bypass' mute
amixer set 'Left Line Mixer Line2R Bypass' 0
amixer set 'Left Line Mixer PGAL Bypass' mute
amixer set 'Left Line Mixer PGAR Bypass' 0

speaker-test -c 2 -t sine

Checks

CPU usage

Check CPU usage: 

ps -eo pcpu,user,args | sort -k 1 -r | head -10
echo && ps -eo pcpu,user,args | grep -v ' 0.0 ' | grep -v '%CPU' | sort -k 1 -r | sed 's/[ ^I]\/.*\/perl//' | sed 's/.pl[ ^I].*/.pl/'

Process priorities

Check process priorities: 

ps ax -o nice,pid,user,args | grep -v ' NI ' | sort

The lowest numbers correspond to the highest priorities.

Change the priority level of xPL devices: 

ps ax -o nice,pid,user,args | grep -v ' grep ' | grep -i xpl-

USER='control'
NEW_LEVEL=-10
SYSTEM_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$'\n'; 
task_list=(`ps ax -o pid,user,args | grep -v ' grep ' | grep -i '/xpl-'`)
IFS=$SYSTEM_IFS
for item in "${task_list[@]}" ;  do
  task_id=`echo "${item}" | sed "s/$USER.*//"`
# echo $task_id
  renice $NEW_LEVEL -p $task_id >/dev/null
done
ps ax -o nice,pid,user,args | grep -v ' grep ' | grep -i xpl-

Upstart daemons

Check the status of init daemons: 

initctl list
initctl list | grep xpl-

Systemd daemons

Check the status of init daemons: 

systemctl list-units --type=service --state=running | grep running
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